The use of cosmic muons in detecting heterogeneities in large volumes

The muon intensity attenuation method to detect heterogeneities in large matter volumes is analyzed. Approximate analytical expressions to estimate the collection time and the signal to noise ratio, are proposed and validated by Monte Carlo simulations. Important parameters, including point spread function and coordinate reconstruction uncertainty are also estimated using Monte Carlo simulations.Comment: 8 pages, 11 figures, submetted to NIM

High-quality intake of carbohydrates is associated with lower prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis in femoral arteries: The AWHS study

Background and aims: High-quality of the carbohydrates consumed, apart from their total amount, appear to protect from cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the relationship between the quality of carbohydrates and the early appearance of atherosclerosis has not yet been described. Our objective was to estimate the association between the quality of dietary carbohydrates and subclinical atherosclerosis in femoral and carotid arteries. Methods: Cross-sectional study of femoral and carotid atherosclerosis assessed using ultrasounds of 2074 middle-aged males, 50.9 (SD 3.9) years old, with no previous CVD, and pertaining to the Aragon Workers’ Health Study (AWHS) cohort. Food frequency questionnaires were used to calculate a carbohydrate quality index (CQI) defined as: consumption of dietary fiber, a lower glycemic index, the ratio of whole grains/total grains, and the ratio of solid carbohydrates/total carbohydrates. The presence of plaques across four CQI intervals was studied using adjusted logistic regression models. Results: The CQI showed a direct inverse association with subclinical atherosclerosis in femoral territories. Participants with a higher consumption of high-quality carbohydrates (13–15 points) were less likely to have femoral plaques when compared with participants in the lowest index interval (4–6 points) (OR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.39, 0.89; p = 0.005). No association was found between the CQI and the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis in carotid territories. A lower consumption of high-quality carbohydrates tended to be associated with a greater atherosclerosis extension, considered as the odds for having more affected territories (p = 0.011). Conclusions: Among middle-aged males, a high-quality intake of carbohydrates is associated with a lower prevalence of femoral artery subclinical atherosclerosis when compared with a lower consumption. Thus, indicating an early relationship between the quality of carbohydrates and the development of CVD. © 2021 The Author(s

Evidence for differential predisposition to gastrointestinal strongylid within adults ewes and goats naturally infected

Una encuesta helmintológica llevada a cabo mediante análisis coprológico cuantitativo y necropsias parasitarias a un total de 72 ovinos y 72 caprinos adultos provenientes de la localidad de Pedregal, Edo Falcón, Venezuela, reveló que no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las prevalencias de estrongilos digestivos, Strongyloides papillosus, Moniezia expansa y Trichuris ovis, en los ovinos y caprinos muestreados. Así mismo no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas para los conteos de huevos por gramo (hpg) de estrongilos digestivos. La disposición espacial de los vermes y del hpg fue en agregados. Los más altos conteos de hpg y las mayores cargas de vermes fueron albergadas por sólo el 15,3% de los hospedadores, quienes a similitud del concepto usado en parasitología humana, podrían ser denominados «acumuladores de parásitos» o «Wormy animals». Se discuten las medidas de control a aplicar, considerando el tratamiento diferencial de los animales de acuerdo a la carga, considerando criterios como la predisposición individual a las infecciones parasitarias.An helminthological survey of 72 adult ewes and 72 adults goats coming from the locality of Pedregal (Falcón state, Venezuela) based on coprological and post- mortem examination with isolation of gastrointestinal worms, was carried out. The results obtained showed that there were no significant differences between goats and sheep in relation to the faecal nematode egg per gram count (Epg) and prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths. The spatial disposition of the strongylid worm burden and epg count were of contagious type and the highly epg count and strongylid worm burden were harbored by only the 15.3% of the hosts. The control of the strongylids parasites is discussed in the context of targeting drug treatment at the wormy animal segments of the flock.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Ultra-processed food consumption is associated with renal function decline in older adults: A prospective cohort study

Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular risk factors and mortality. However, little is known on the UPF effect on renal function. The aim of this study is to assess prospectively the association between consumption of UPF and renal function decline. This is a prospective cohort study of 1312 community-dwelling individuals aged 60 and older recruited during 2008–2010 and followed up to December 2015. At baseline, a validated dietary history was obtained. UPF was identified according to NOVA classification. At baseline and at follow-up, serum creatinine (SCr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels were ascertained and changes were calculated. A combined end-point of renal decline was considered: SCr increase or eGFR decreased beyond that expected for age. Logistic regression with adjustment for potential confounders was performed. During follow-up, 183 cases of renal function decline occurred. The fully adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of renal function decline across terciles of percentage of total energy intake from UPF were 1.56 (1.02–2.38) for the second tercile, and 1.74 (1.14–2.66) for the highest tercile; p-trend was 0.026. High UPF consumption is independently associated with an increase higher than 50% in the risk of renal function decline in Spanish older adults

Morphology and thermal stability of alf3 on Cu(100) thin films

Se estudió el crecimiento de películas epitaxiales ultra-delgadas de fluoruro de aluminio en Cu (100) mediante una combinación de técnicas experimentales de física de superficies. La deposición a temperatura ambiente resulta en la decoración de escalones seguida por la formación de islas dendríticas bidimensionales que coalescen para formar películas porosas. Las películas ultra-delgadas (de hasta dos monocapas de espesor) resultan morfológicamente inestables al calentar; parte de la película deja de mojar la superficie del sustrato a alrededor de 430 K con la formación de islas tridimensionales y dejando expuesta un área extensa de la superficie de Cu. En cambio, películas de varios nanómetros de espesor son estables hasta temperaturas cercanas a los 730 K cuando ocurre la desorción molecular. El efecto de la irradiación electrónica también ha sido caracterizado mediante diferentes técnicas espectroscópicas; encontrando que incluso dosis de irradiación reducidas de electrones pueden producir una descomposición significativa del fluoruro de aluminio, resultando en la liberación de moléculas de flúor y la formación de aluminio metálico. Estas características hacen del fluoruro de aluminio un material interesante para aplicaciones en espintrónica.Fil: Ruano Sandoval, Gonzalo Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (i); ArgentinaFil: Moreno López, Juan Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (i); ArgentinaFil: Passeggi, Mario Cesar Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (i); ArgentinaFil: Vidal, Ricardo Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (i); ArgentinaFil: Ferron, Julio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (i); ArgentinaFil: Niño, M. A.. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; EspañaFil: Miranda, R.. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; EspañaFil: de Miguel, J. J.. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Españ

Genome-wide DNA methylation pattern in visceral adipose tissue differentiates insulin-resistant from insulin-sensitive obese subject

Elucidating the potential mechanisms involved in the detrimental effect of excess body weight on insulin action is an important priority in counteracting obesity-associated diseases. The present study aimed to disentangle the epigenetic basis of insulin resistance by performing a genome-wide epigenetic analysis in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from morbidly obese patients depending on the insulin sensitivity evaluated by the clamp technique. The global human methylome screening performed in VAT from 7 insulin-resistant (IR) and 5 insulin-sensitive (IS) morbidly obese patients (discovery cohort) analyzed using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array identified 982 CpG sites able to perfectly separate the IR and IS samples. The identified sites represented 538 unique genes, 10% of which were diabetes-associated genes. The current work identified novel IR-related genes epigenetically regulated in VAT, such as COL9A1, COL11A2, CD44, MUC4, ADAM2, IGF2BP1, GATA4, TET1, ZNF714, ADCY9, TBX5, and HDACM. The gene with the largest methylation fold-change and mapped by 5 differentially methylated CpG sites located in island/shore and promoter region was ZNF714. This gene presented lower methylation levels in IR than in IS patients in association with increased transcription levels, as further reflected in a validation cohort (n = 24; 11 IR and 13 IS). This study reveals, for the first time, a potential epigenetic regulation involved in the dysregulation of VAT that could predispose patients to insulin resistance and future type 2 diabetes in morbid obesity, providing a potential therapeutic target and biomarkers for counteracting this process

Оценка эффективности управления деятельностью предприятия

Целью исследования является оценка эффективности управления деятельностью предприятия как интегрального показателя, то есть управления совокупностью деятельностей, таких как производственная, инвестиционная, инновационная, маркетинговая и финансовая

Mercados municipales de Zapopan

Documento final del Proyecto de Aplicación Profesional en el que se presenta una investigación realizada en tres mercados del ayuntamiento de Zapopan: San Isidro, Francisco Sarabia y Tesistán. El objetivo de la investigación fue identificar las problemáticas, hacer propuestas y colaborar en la planeación de estrategias para mejorar las condiciones de los mercados y lograr un impacto positivo que se vea reflejado en las ventas. Para la investigación, se visitaron los mercados y se aplicaron encuestas a los locatarios, consumidores y administradores. La muestra que se usó para sacar el número de encuestas fue infinita con un nivel de confianza del 90 por ciento y un índice de error del 5 por ciento. En este proyecto trabajaron alumnos de las licenciaturas en Mercadotecnia, Administración de Empresas y Administración Financiera.ITESO, A.C